Category: Cranial nerve nucleus

Posted on

91. Function of the trochlear nerve

  1. The trochlear nerve innervates only one muscle, the superior oblique muscle of the eye. (T/F?)
  2. The superior oblique muscle abducts, depresses and externaly rotates the eye. (T/F?)
  3. An injury to the trochlear nerve causes horizontal diplopia. (T/F?)
  4. An injury to the trochlear nucleus will result in symptoms in the eye on the same side. (T/F?)
  5. An injury to the trochlear nerve, after it exits the mesencephalon, will result in symptoms in the eye on the same side. (T/F?)
  6. An eye affected with the trochlear nerve palsy is positioned upwards relative to the unaffected eye. (T/F?)

  1. T
  2. F
  3. F
  4. F
  5. T
  6. T

Posted on

81. One and a half syndrome

  1. The one and a half syndrome is characterized by a conjugate horizontal gaze palsy in one direction and an impairment of the abduction of the eyes in the other. (T/F?)
  2. Horizontal gaze palsy is seen on looking away from the side of the lesion. (T/F?)
  3. The ipsilateral eye has no horizontal movement. (T/F?)
  4. The most common cause of the one-and-a-half syndrome in the young people is Miller-Fisher syndrome. (T/F?)
  5. The most common cause of the one-and-a-half syndrome in older people is multiple sclerosis. (T/F?)
  6. When the lesion that causes a damage to PPRF or abducens nucleus and medial longitudinal fasciculus, also affects the facial nerve, we can talk about an eight-and-a-half syndrome. (T/F?)

  1. F
  2. F
  3. T
  4. F
  5. F
  6. T

Posted on

71. Scheme of the brainstem with the nuclei of the cranial nerves, lateral and medial lemniscus (Gray-713)

Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

* comment
On the original picture it says:  “Sensory cerebral nuclei”. There is no structure with that name in modern anatomical nomenclature.  I think it’s the spinal trigeminal nucleus.
Posted on

59. Axial section through the midbrain (Gray-710)

Henry Vandyke Carter [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons
 

Posted on

19. Cranial nerve nuclei – location

  1. Trochlear nucleus: Mesencephalon?
  2. Dorsal cochlear nucleus: Pons?
  3. Ventral cochlear nucleus: Medulla?
  4. Oculomotor nucleus: Mesencephalon?
  5. Facial nucleus: Pons?
  6. Edinger-Westphal nucleus: Pons?

  1. T
  2. T
  3. F
  4. T
  5. T
  6. F

Posted on

18. Abducens nerve

  1. Innervates only one single muscle of the eye, the lateral rectus muscle?
  2. Axons from the abducens nerve loop around the facial motor nucleus, creating the facial colliculus that is visible on the floor of the fourth ventricle?
  3. Besides the motor neurons, which directly innervate ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle via the abducens nerve, abducens nucleus contains also interneurons, which project to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus and cause conjugate movement (adduction) of the contralateral eye?
  4. Besides the motor neurons, which directly innervate ipsilateral medial rectus muscle via the oculomotor nerve, oculomotor nerve nucleus contains also interneurons, which project to the contralateral abducens nucleus and cause conjugate movement (abduction) of the contralateral eye?
  5. A lesion to the nucleus of the abducens nerve causes inability to move the eyes together in the direction of the side with the lesion?
  6. In peripheral abducens palsy, the contralateral eye is slightly adducted because of the unopposed tonic action of the medial rectus muscle?

  1. T
  2. F
  3. T
  4. F
  5. T
  6. F